Image

Archive for Uncategorized – Page 4

Why We Need to Get Back On the Horse When We Fall

 

falling off horse

 

As a 9 year old I walked to school past a house where a large boxer dog stood outside on guard. It barked loudly as I walked towards it, and when I crossed the road to escape  it would follow me. I came to be petrified of the dog, and eventually planned routes were I was guaranteed not to see him.   Was the dog dangerous? – Unlikely, but that experience conditioned into my brain the idea that dogs are to be avoided. A belief that stays with me as an adult.  But what if, when the dog barked the owner had come out of the house had held it by the collar and had invited me to come and say hello to him.  If they had told me how to stroke the dog and had explained that his bark was worse than his bite.  It is possible that over time I would have seen encountering the dog as one of the pleasures of walking to school.  More centrally, it would have stopped the development of a conditioned response in my brain. I would have had an unpleasant memory overlain with a new one that kept my brain open to the idea of dogs being fun.  I would have developed a flexibility in my responses.

 

It is that recognition that our brain quickly becomes conditioned if we allow an unpleasant memory to be reinforced  is behind the adage of the importance of getting back on the horse after a fall.

 

Neuroscience has now shown that recent memories are fragile. They are not embedded in our brains so they can be overridden by new ones.  The child who falls off the horse and remounts will put the fall in the context of a whole experience of the feelings and sensations of being out on a horse.  They will contextualize the fall as part of the event, but not the whole event.  Meanwhile the child who falls and does not remount will remember only the pain and may decide that horses are dangerous.

 

So, when we face fear and pain our brains are better served by us being willing to face the experiences, because by doing so we learn how to remain flexible in our responses, and in avoidance we condition our brain into thinking we cannot cope with difficulty.

Why Failure is No Reason for Giving Up

 

 

mo farah marathan

If you tuned into the TV coverage of the 2014 London Marathon you would have heard broadcaster Brendan Foster berating Mo Farah, before he had even finished the race.  His advice was that he  should give up on marathons and get back onto the track where he is indisputably the best in the world at 10,000 metres.  The reason for his advice: Farah in his first ever marathon came in 8th with a time of 2:08.21.  In Foster’s eyes Farah had failed.  Yet when Mo was interviewed minutes after he crossed the finishing line, his take on his performance was somewhat different.  Rather than seeing his result as a message to give up, his response was that doing less than he had hoped for was no reason for giving in, but rather a motivator to do better next time.  He immediately focused on what he had learnt from running the race,  that would help him in his next marathon.  For him the point at which he should stop running marathons was when he had established that he could succeed, not the point at which he was just beginning to learn how to run a 26 mile race.

 His response was a 21st century version of Thomas Edison’s reply to critics who lambasted him for the 1o,000 experiments it took to perfect a  functioning electric light bulb.  “I have not failed 10,000 times.  I have successfully found 10,000 ways that will not work. For Edison those 10,000 experiments were opportunities to learn, not humiliating failures.

The idea of failure is not one we are comfortable with as adults, and yet it is the only way in which we learn.  A baby
 could not learn to walk without being willing to fall over time and time again. Rock bands that last,  have stories of
dire performances on the way to success, in contrast to the short lived fame of those scooped from obscurity into
 instant stardom via TV   No comedian can succeed without the learning from dismal performances to unenthralled
 audiences.  It is only when we open up to the possibility of failing as a necessary stepping stone on the way
 to success, that we can succeed.


	

Stick or Slip: What’s Different When We Keep Our Promises to Ourselves?

What is it that makes us stick at something when the going gets tough, when at another time we may give up on exactly the same thing?  Think diets, smoking, exercise or a career goal.

glue3

I ask this questions because it is one I have been asking myself.  25 years ago working in a Business School, I could not have had better conditions for doing a PhD.  My fees were paid, I could study in work time, I had easy access to potential participants – but I gave up.  Roll forward and I have just finished a doctorate.  This time I paid my own fees, I did it whilst working fulltime, I gave up my weekends and holidays, and I had to find my own participants, and yet I got through.

 

The answer to my question is a simple one – I had purpose.

In my first attempt, I did not know why I was doing the doctorate – other than it was what my colleagues expected of me.  I was expected to approach it in a way which met with my boss’s approval, but which had little appeal to me.  I was uncertain of my focus, and as a consequence I was easily distracted into doing things which made a plausible case for not working on the research.

This time, I knew why I was doing it. I knew how I needed to do it in order for it to be motivating and valid for me.  I had a personal vision of what I wanted to do with the outcomes.  As a result my energy flowed easily towards the project.  There was no reason to procrastinate, every reason to keep going when the going got tough, and no difficulty in prioritising my activities.

 

So the learning is – if you want to move from I want to  . . . lose weight, get fitter, get promoted, change my career, be a better leader, then start by defining your purpose.  What is it you want by achieving your goal, because once you own that, the rest will follow.

Once you know why something is important to you, then you have started the process of succeeding.

 

 

How Resilient is Your Organisation?

It is easy to get so focused on your own area of interest that you forget to look up and around you to see how you connect with other perspectives.  That is what happened to me last week when I spoke at an event on individual resilience with colleagues from Achill Management.  Achill are experts in organisational resilience who are helping organisations working in the voluntary and social enterprise sectors to  future proof themselves.

It is comforting to see organisational resilience as a concern of large operations e.g. how would a hospital keep performing if a hurricane knocked out its electricity systems; how quickly can an organisation recover from fire or flood, how long before   a bank recovers from the failure of its IT systems, but resilience is perhaps even more relevant when your organisation is small.

What would happen if a key member of staff left?

lifebelt

How reliant are you on one or two clients?

How long could you keep going if you lost a key client?

What would happen if you were ill for an extended period?

What would happen if a break in took away key technology?

These are the sort of questions which small organisations often avoid asking themselves,but which risk the loss of their business if one or more disruptions hits them. According to the US Federal Emergency Management Agency 90% of businesses fail within two years after a major disaster.

 Jim Haywood, Director at Achill Management offered some key questions to help businesses (large and small) consider how they can resilience proof themselves.

  1. What are the 3 critical activities that you need to keep doing to ensure your success e.g. producing new products and services, marketing, thinking smarter than competitors (and which of those activities is most critical).
  2. What are the disruptions that could prevent you giving attention to those critical activities e.g. only focussing in the here and now, continuing doing things which keep you  busy but which are not business critical.
  3. How long could you keep going if you failed to focus on those critical activities?
  4. Which is most urgent for you to attend to right now, and what action can you take to prevent or mitigate your resilience being impacted

 Simple questions but ones which pull us up short on how willing we are to engage in considering what could derail our organisation.

For any organisation wanting to consider their own business’s resilience Achill Management have developed a nifty questionnaire, which takes only a few minutes and which gives you an immediate reading on the resilience of your organisation , and what you can do to increase it.

To complete the questionnaire follow the link:

http://questionnaire.achillmanagement.co.uk/

Want to change your identity, change your story

Jo came to me with her story.  It was an engaging one.  She had given her all, had taken on jobs that no-one else wanted, had worked holidays as well as weekends and the outcome of the story was she felt exploited and overlooked.  While Jo wanted me to share in the unjustice of her experience, what I was listening for was different.  I was listening for the kind of story she was telling me, and from my position it was a Cinderella story.  She felt hard done by, she felt she was missing out and she was hoping that a Prince Charming – in the guise of a supportive manager would see her value and ensure she got the promotion she felt she deserved.

 

Cinderella stories are common, and it is not a gender issue. There are Cinderfellas out there too who feel that they are being badly treated, undervalued and overworked, and who hope for a rescuer who will see their true worth and make it OK for them.

Click to Play!

All of us create stories.  It is how we make meaning of our lives, but the danger is that we look to repeat the same story. We look for evidence in the situations we face that the same story is being played out, and over time it comes to shape our identity.  We become typecast, in the same way as Hollywood actors, but with less reward.  I have met many Cinderellas, but I have also met the solo warrior who is always fighting battles, the heroic rescuer who ensures that they take on the work of those they feel cannot cope, the maverick who always positions themselves outside the system, and the sacrificial parent who puts others needs before their own.  All of them feeling they have no other option.

The danger is that once we are caught by our own typecasting, it becomes difficult to see that there are behavioural choices: each identity traps the individual into believing that is how they have to be.

So, if you want to change your behaviour, start by changing your story.

Once Jo, decided she wanted to have control over her future rather than being a victim of it, she started negotiating about what she wanted in return for taking on work which she knew could help her build her career future.  Once she started acting as though she valued herself, others began to value her more.  Once she recognised that she could get what she wanted without hoping for a corporate Prince to provide it, the rewards started to flow towards her.

 

So ask yourself:

  • What story am I telling myself about my life?
  • What identity does that signal to others?
  • What behaviours does it lead me into?
  • What do I want to change in my story?
  • What would be a first behaviour that supported that new story?

 

 

Are You Thriving?

 

Beautiful young woman jumping on  a green meadow with a colored tissue

 

The word resilience has become so ubiquitous that it is like Humpty Dumpty in Alice in Wonderland, who argues that a word can mean whatever he wants it to mean.  So it is with one of the hot words of recent years.

In the last few weeks I have heard the reaction of villagers in Somerset to being flooded described as resilient: by which the reporter meant they were stoic rather than hysterical in the face of seeing their homes ruined.  I have heard a premier league football manager describe his team as resilient: by which he meant they fought back from a seemingly lost game.  I have heard the ability of a bank to quickly restore services after it was unable to process payments as resilient: by which was meant it had a strong back up system within its infrastructure.  So a word which originated as a description of plants which could adapt to changing environmental conditions has become hijacked to mean any numbers of different things:

  • The ability to keep going when things are tough
  • The ability to manage emotions at a time of difficulty
  • The ability to restore normality after disruption

It has now entered organisational life, often as a pseudonym for being able to handle stress.  What if however, rather than using the word resilience we used the word thriving.  Let me explain the difference.  Resilience is linked to the idea of recovering from a setback, of disruption to the norm, of one off events which derail an individual in their personal life, in their health or their career.  That is why many books on resilience talk of ‘bounce back’.  However, many people’s working lives are marked not by one off events, but by continuous demands, by relentless pressures, by never having enough time or enough resource.  The challenge is not how to bounce back, but how to keep going.

 

Rather than talking about resilience, some writers have suggested that it is more useful to look at how people continue to give a high level of performance regardless of the demands. In other words, how do they thrive?  To answer that question Mustafa Sarker and David Fletchers, researchers into resilience at Loughborough University interviewed 13 individuals at the top of their professions; in areas as diverse as policing, mountain climbing, accountancy, the media and politics to look for the common themes in how they managed to thrive when the demands were as high as the stakes.  They discovered that there were 6 recurring themes:

  • Proactive personalities.  They were hardwired to look at what they could do in the face of difficulty rather than being passive  recipients.
  • Experience and learning:  They actively looked at what they could learn from experiences and many of them engaged in reflective practices such as writing.
  • Control:  Even when the situation seemed outside of their control, they looked for what they could take control of, in particular they prioritised where their energy went.
  • Flexibility: They were able to adapt to situations and be willing to flex around the reality of what was, rather than holding onto what they thought the situation should be.
  • Balance and Perspective: They continued to do things outside of work, even when the pressure was high, because it enabled them to keep a sense of perspective.  Even in the face of difficulty at work, knowing they could still enjoy spending time playing sport, having a laugh with friends, or giving time to charitable causes, provided another lens with which to view their working life.  They did not talk of work life balance in a literal sense, but of finding a point of equilibrium that worked for them.
  • Perceived Social Support: They sought out supporters and mentors within their work setting, so that beyond the emotional support they could get from friends and families they had available to them people who they could talk things through with, who understood their context.

Sarker and Fletcher’s research is important because it is based on people who are ambitious, who seek out challenge, and who have had to find ways of managing themselves in order to deliver the results from which success comes.  They have thrived.

The question for readers of this blog then are:

  • How well are your thriving?
  • What can you take from those that do that would help you ensure you can deliver high performance in the face of high demands?

Managing Our Brain to Retain Resilience

 

 

Hudson River CrashRemember the plane that crashed into the Hudson River and the extraordinary presence of  mind of pilot Chesley Sullenberger.  He had seconds to take action when a flock of geese flew into the plane’s engines, disabling them and leaving the plane in imminent danger of crashing into New York.  He made the decision to land on water, knowing it would mean the end of the plane but had the possibility of saving lives.  How was he able to keep that presence of mind when most of us would have frozen in terror, panicked or been overwhelmed by the emotion of seeing our impending death?

 

The answer he gave in his autobiography, was not that he was superhuman, switching off emotion and operating with ice cold logic.  He writes “I knew this was the worst aviation challenge I had ever faced.  It was the most sickening, pit of your stomach, falling through the floor feeling I had ever experienced”, but alongside that he was able to do something that is often elusive.  He was able to feel the emotion without becoming the emotion.  Even in the most critical moment of his life, he was able to experience the emotion, whilst also holding onto the cognition that he knew what needed to be done.

Contrast that with how those of us not trained as pilots respond to challenges which have no life threatening implications.  Take yesterday, when I received a piece of news related to my work that was insignificant in the grand scale of things.  How did I react?  Not like Sullenberger.  I became the emotion.  The sinking feeling in my stomach was converted into negative thoughts.  Within minutes I had catastrophized the meaning of this event, for my working relationship with a client, and had created a future that only heightened my emotional response.

What I had lost access to are the skills that come with not being caught in being the emotion: the ability to focus on what needs to be done in that moment – to deal with the job at hand, rather than being caught by thoughts of the future.  The difficulty was quickly resolved when I regained control of my emotions, and just asked ‘what do I need to do now to fix this?’.

Sullenberger talks of having developed that ability to focus through his training as a pilot.  The Head of Leadership at West Point Academy in the US, Colonel Thomas Kolditz sees it as a key skill developed in military training.  He talks of sharpening focus and turning outwards in times of high risk, rather than getting dysfunctionally excited and self absorbed.  If soldiers can learn that skill when faced by danger to life, how can those of us without that discipline become better at managing our emotions to stay in control of our brains.

The answer that many people are now discovering is mindfulness. Learning how to pay attention to the present moment, non judgementally – to be able to notice the emotion, rather than becoming overwhelmed by the emotion is at the heart of  mindful practice.  Adapted from Buddhist practice, research is now supporting what Buddhists have long known: that mindfulness improves ability to focus attention, it increases flexibility of thinking, it speeds up the processing of visual information and enhances psychological well being.

What this means is that the processes trained into pilots and soldiers can be learned by those of us not on the front line, so that when we face our own challenges we have the resilience resources generated by mindfulness available to us.

If mindfulness is a new idea for you then check out the  website of Michael Chaskalson, a leading practitioner of bringing mindfulness into working life.  www.mindfulness-works.com

 

Ten Tips for Building Resilience

Resilience is a quality which  people often believe is something you have or you don’t.  We can all think of people who seem to deal with whatever life throws at them.  We also often know people who seem to collapse when faced by difficulty.  But is DNA the differentiator?

The answer seems to be that DNA plays only a small part.   A greater contributor is what people have learnt that gets them back into balance when things are tough.  That means that a life without challenge, as much as it may seem attractive, does not prepare people well when the bad times hit. What  is valuable is to to be able to identify and access recovery resources, so that the time under stress is reduced.

Steven Southwick, Professor of Psychiatry at Yale School of Medicine and Dennis Charney, Professor of Psychiatry and Neuroscience at Mount Sinai Hospital in NY have recently published the results of 15 years work  on resilience.  Its’ value is that they have identified factors which allow people to lead successful lives  even when experiencing life stress. Their work looked at  people living under extreme difficulty including prisoners of war, victims of abuse, pe0ple living in inner city poverty and first respondents to 9/11.  They compared those who had developed depression under stress, and those that did not, to try and discover what differentiated them.  The answer lay not in DNA, but in behaviours which one group used, and the other did not.

  1. The value of the  behaviours is that they are equally relevant to individuals dealing with any stress in their life which is knocking them off balance.  A willingness to face reality with a sense of realistic optimism.  That is a big ask, but being able to accept rather than deny what has happened,      perversely helps people to deal with it.  Whereas, the energy that goes into denying, blaming, avoiding or unrealistic hoping, holds back the    process of recovery.
  2.   Recognise what you do and do not have control over.  People stress themselves by wanting to exert control in a situation where it is not possible to do so.  By developing actions  based on what they can change and what they cannot, a sense of agency returns.
  3.   Seek support.  The Yale research showed a strong relationship between how extensive an individual’s social network was and how well they     coped with stress.  Talking with friends, or seeking out others who are in the same situation and can empathasise is important to recovery,     because feeling supported allows the release of the oxytocin a compound connected to feeling attached to people, which counters the harmful effect of stress chemicals on the body.
  4.  Exercise.  We know we should, we often don’t want to when feeling stressed, and yet it also acts to counter the effects of harmful  stressor     chemicals such as cortisol and epinephrine.
  5. Sleep.  As Scarlett  O’Hara  said in Gone With the Wind as her life say in ruins,  ‘tomorrow is another day’.  A good night’s sleep can put the world into a different perspective, and when sleep is   difficult, exercise is a natural way of inducing tiredness.
  6.  Eat well.  When stressed, it is easy to neglect one’s diet, or to turn to junk food as comfort.  The value of good nutrition is that it helps boost the    immune system.  It is also a signal to the self, that you are worth taking care of.
  7. Learn about simple meditation techniques. Mindfulness is an increasingly commonly used way of helping people deal with difficulty.  It focuses     on helping you to focus on the present moment – not what catastrophe may happen tomorrow, or what terrible thing happened yesterday, but    what is happening right now.  In the process thoughts become less powerful and the body responds.  Books such as those written by Jon Kabat   Zin, Mark Williams and Michael Chaskalson all have simple mindfulness exercises that can be built into everyday life.  Or seek out an introductory   class.
  8. Do something that takes you away from the issue.  The ‘you’ facing the difficulty is very aware of that person, but there is real value in staying       connected with the other ‘yous’.  The you that can enjoy dancing, having a laugh, being creative, watching a sport.  It is important to experience     the pleasure  that those other ‘yous’ can offer even while you are living with difficulty. The more we can hold the multiple ‘yous’, the more     resource you have available to help you.
  9.  Create meaning.  What helps people get beyond the difficulty is being able to create meaning from the experience.  What can you take from this     experience that you can use going forward.  It is what makes it possible for people to talk of having experienced the ‘best of times and the worst  of times’ in the same experience.
  10. Write about it.  No one else needs to see what you write.   The act of writing down how you are feeling, thinking and behaving, acts to help            change those thoughts, feelings and behaviours.  Putting it out there, enables you to look at it in a different way than when it is in your head,  and to access new thoughts and feelings.

 

If you are reading this list because you are aware that you have lost your resilience, then read it again and identify the one thing in the 10 that you could imagine doing, and commit to it as an experiment, noticing the difference it makes to your sense of your self and your situation.

Once you notice a shift, it will encourage  you to experiment with other of the tips – all of which have been road tested by people like you.

 

Carole Pemberton is an Executive Coach and Visiting Professor at the University of Ulster Business School.  She has a particular interest in coaching to help rebuild resilience.

 

 

 

When Reality Slaps You in the Face

When a CEO resigns because of a disclosure about his private life, the expectation is that they will disappear from public view,  become a private citizen once more, and rapidly be forgotten.  What made the former CEO of BP Lord Browne different, was that he wrote about what happened next in his autobiography.  What was  noticeable in his account  was his recognition of the value of having faced difficulty and learned from it. He talked  of being happier than he has ever been and of his recognition that the person he had become was arrogant, and was hiding his loneliness in his work.

Steve Jobs talking to Stanford graduates in 2005 made a similar admission when he spoke of the learning that came from being sacked from Apple: the company he had founded. While his instinct was to run away as a very public failure, he slowly began to realise that the most important thing was what he loved doing, and so he began again. From that new beginning emerged Pixar, which in turn was eventually purchased by Apple. He came back to where he had started. Except of course he didn’t. The person who re-entered was changed. As he said, “Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don’t lose faith”.

The reality slap

This pattern is found again and again in accounts of those who have faced failure in public ways.  As painful as it is, there is something about facing reality and accepting failure that allows for moving forward.  At the point of facing rather than running away from what has happened, there is a liberation from which new possibilities emerge.

Russ Harris calls this the ‘reality slap’, and in his new book of the same name, he writes about the value of 4 steps to moving forward:

  1. Hold yourself kindly.  The instinct when something bad happens is to move into harsh self judgement.Show a bit of compassion to yourself, in the same way as you would to a friend going through a hard time.
  2. Drop the anchor.  You are in the midst of a storm being buffeted by the winds – dropping anchor is about finding ways of grounding yourself.  Learning simple mindfulness exercises can be a powerful way of separating yourself away from the whirlwind of thoughts, and recognising you  as separate from the problem which is impacting you.
  3. Take a stand.  Difficult times are when it is most important to ask yourself ‘What do I stand for?’  ‘What is important to me?’  ‘What meaning can I create from this experience?’
  4. Find the treasure.  Just as Lord Browne found that his life was better and more authentic as a result of his public exposure and Steve Jobs went on to even greater success using his learning from setback, there is treasure to be found in difficulty.  It will not be apparent at the outset, but by following steps 1-3 it will become clear where that treasure lies.

Facing the reality slap contradicts most of the advice given to those who are experiencing career difficulty.  Among all the books that are written on careers, the attention is primarily on the skills for success – find your strengths, hone your brand. Very little is given to the importance of facing and learning from hardship.

For anyone reading this who has just experienced a career setback that is affecting their view of themselves and their possibilities, take these 3 steps.

  1. Be  kinder to yourself  today than you were yesterday.  This could be a thought, or it could be an action.
  2. Sit down, feet on ground, back against a chair and close your eyes.  Allow your breath to get into a regular rhythm, and when it does take 10 breaths.  During those 10 breaths notice the thoughts that come into your mind (as they will) and let them go.  Don’t hang onto the thought, but treat it as a car going past your window.  After your 10 breaths open your eyes and notice how you are feeling.  Build this into your daily life.
  3. Ask yourself how do I want to be after this experience?  How can I use this time positively so that it contributes to my life’s journey, rather than it being a detour?

By working on these steps, the treasure will emerge.

 

A New Approach to Career Coaching for Tough Times

Having worked as a careers coach through 3 decades, the last few years have been remarkable for how little interest there has been from organisations in career coaching. An environment of growth provided opportunity,and career coaching conversations have often focussed on ‘what more do I want now that I have experienced success?’, or ‘what do I need to do to get . . .?, Conversations which assumed abundance, and an expectation that will and belief could control outcomes. Career coaching has often focussed on the ‘talented’, and for them a career conversations has had the implication of that more will be on offer.

In that climate career conversations have focussed on skills, interests, values, strengths and motivations – with a belief that once the data was gathered the right opportunity would be available. But things have changed.

The mood of the country has changed. There is no sense of confidence about the future.  How can there be when there is now talk of a triple dip recession, and when the statistics show that this recession is outlasting any of the 20th century.  Individuals who never expected to be in the job market are finding cutbacks and changing strategies have placed them there.  Once there, it is taking them longer to obtain work.

But it is not only those who leave who are facing difficulty.  For those who remain the issue of career is still  relevant, but the reality of the career journey looks different. Fewer opportunities, changing skills demands, less budget for development. Managers, HR professionals and internal coaches are becoming involved in career conversations which are demanding:

  • How to bring the skills of support while not denying reality.
  • How to help someone back on track whose resilience has been
    sapped by disappointment
  • How to balance belief in the resourcefulness of individuals without it seeming like naive optimism

That is why we need a new approach to careers coaching, which can work with the tough stuff skilfully, and with integrity.

That is why Coaching to Solutions has developed 2 new offerings for those who are being asked to coach :

  • A programme for those new to career coaching which provides tools
    and models for working with range of career issues.
  • A programme for those with established coaching skills which focuses
    on career coaching to build resilience.

Both programmes lead to a recognised qualification from the Institute of Leadership and Management.

Career coaching is easy when times are good, but it is even more essential when times are tough.